A Stage of Growth and Change

Overview

Adolescence is the stage between childhood and adulthood when the body and mind grow rapidly. This chapter explains these changes and how to stay healthy during them.

Key concepts

• Puberty marks the start of adolescence and reproductive maturity.
• Physical changes include height increase and body development.
• Changes are caused by hormones from glands.
• Emotional changes and new feelings are normal.
• A balanced diet, hygiene and exercise support healthy growth.

Important terms / formulae

• Adolescence: stage of growth from about 10 to 19 years.
• Puberty: time when the body becomes able to reproduce.
• Hormones: chemical messengers made by glands.
• Personal hygiene: keeping the body clean and healthy.

Solved example or key process

During adolescence, glands release hormones into the blood. These hormones travel through the body and trigger changes such as growth in height, voice change and emotional development. A nutritious diet helps the body cope with these rapid changes.

Important questions

1. What is puberty?
2. Name two physical changes during adolescence.
3. Why is a balanced diet important for adolescents?
4. What role do hormones play in growth?

Quick revision

Adolescence brings rapid physical and emotional changes driven by hormones. Good food, regular exercise, sleep and hygiene keep adolescents healthy during this important stage.